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Natural Resources

The natural resources of the Transcarpathian Region are rich and diverse. The most important are:

Forests: Forests are the largest wealth of the region. About 50% of the region is covered by forests (687,000 ha), with about 65% deciduous (hard-leafed) and 35% coniferous trees. The total stock of timber is estimated at approximately 160 million m3.

Minerals: The raw mineral base is represented by 150 deposits of more then 30 kinds of minerals, including non-traditional ones (polymetals, alunites, pearlites, zeolites, liparites). The deposits of zeolites with predicted reserves of 1 billion tons are the only in Ukraine and especially promising for development.

Within the alunites deposit (Biganj) 5.7 million tons of barite ores have been explored, which are used to prepare boring solutions when sinking deep bore holes, including those for oil and gas.

Germanium is used as semiconductor in modern radio electronics, instrument engineering, space technology and other fields, thus being of great value at the world market, is not yet mined in Transcarpathia: the proved reserves make 850 tons, the predicted reserves 1,900 - 2,000 tons.

Kaolin reserves gives the region a potentialities for the development of the porcelain / faience industry. The reserves are of 5 million tons of exceptionally white colour, having no analogue in Ukraine. As to their chemical composition they are similar to China kaolin.

Among the region's non-metal minerals, reserves of common salt (Solotvyno deposit) of 3.5 billion tons, are rather significant.

Transcarpathia is extremely rich in raw materials for the building industry. 13 deposits of carbonate raw materials (marble limestone, dolomite, marble) have been revealed, utilised as facing materials, decorative aggregate, limestone flour, building limestone. The deposits are only partly explored.

Mineral and thermal water: More than 360 chemically diverse mineral water sources exists (in total 10,000 m3 per day), of which more than 30 are exploited by both resorts and spas and by bottling plants. The waters are unique as to their medicinal properties and energetic power. The number of bottling companies increased recently and includes currently more than 30 businesses.

Agricultural soils / climate: The soils of the plains and the climatic conditions are very favourable for agricultural production. Although the region is not self-sufficient in food supply, horticultural products (fruits, vegetables, berries, grapes) could provide a basis for the development of food processing and packaging and has a great potential for significant growth.

Natural and recreational potential: Climate conditions are very convenient for recreation and tourism purposes due to its moderate characteristics and high altitude. The whole nature of Transcarpathia with the landscape, climate, mineral water springs, mountain fresh air provides a resource with a high potential for development of tourism and recreational industry. In fact, Transcarpathia was in the Soviet Union the most popular Ukrainian tourism region after the Crimea. About 100 tourism service companies and 130 resorts, spas, tourist centers operate in the region, servicing approximately 18,000 clients annually. For its further development the tourism infrastructure needs substantial investments to improve quality and accessibility.

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